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SL heading for humanitarian disaster_我的网站

一 |     Colombo, Oct 11 (UNI) Since Sri Lanka announced in April that it will default on its foreign debt, its 22 million residents have lost access to most medicine and medical supplies, setting them on course for a humanitarian disaster, a report published on Tuesday said.
The report by ReliefWeb, a humanitarian information project of the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, was quoted as saying by The Island newspaper that unlike Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Sri Lanka’s crisis grew slowly and has garnered few international headlines.
But Sri Lankans are suffering amid the harshest economic crisis the country has confronted since gaining independence in 1948, it said.
With the country’s foreign reserves depleted, the nationalized healthcare system cannot afford to import medicine and medical supplies in sufficient quantities, it said.
Sri Lanka relies on imports for about 85 per cent of its pharmaceutical needs and about 80 per cent of its medical supplies. The country imported $815 million in medicine in 2021, but by May had only about $25 million in foreign reserves to pay for imports of any kind.
Last week in Sri Lanka, Direct Relief staff participated in an extensive series of meetings with Prime Minister Dinesh Gunawardena and much of the country’s healthcare leadership while overseeing the arrival of what may be the largest donation of medicine to the country since the crisis began.
“For the next six months, they’re (Sri Lanka) expecting a catastrophic number of deaths,” said Chris Alleway, Direct Relief’s manager of emergency response and new initiatives, who led the Sri Lanka meetings.
The 3,500-bed National Hospital of Sri Lanka in Columbo, which usually has 1,300 medicines in stock, is now down to requesting only the 60 most essential medicines, the newspaper reported.
With anesthesia in short supply, most general surgeries in the country have ceased, including kidney transplants. Cancer patients have lost access to medications needed to fight the deadly disease. Diabetes patients must secure and bring their own glucose meters for blood sugar check-ups.
Many hospitals are stocked out of basic items like bandages and cotton balls. The stockouts are forcing rural clinics to close their doors and refer patients to larger facilities in urban areas, which also are overwhelmed by the flow of patients.
Due to a severe fuel shortage, the country’s fishing fleets cannot go far out to sea, slashing the supply of fish that is a significant source of protein in the country, including at its largest children’s hospital, it said.
Sri Lanka is also losing clinicians as they migrate to other countries with more opportunities, while its medical colleges see the number of applicants for medical education decline sharply.
Responding to the crisis spurred by Sri Lanka’s default in June of this year, Direct Relief has delivered eight humanitarian shipments totaling 27 tonnes and 16 million defined daily doses of donated medicine.
The largest shipment from Direct Relief to Sri Lanka -- 18 tonnes of medicine and medical supplies requested explicitly by Sri Lanka’s government -- arrived in recent weeks.
UNI MR。    资料图根据倡导碳捕集与封存(CCS)的智囊团Global CCS Institute的一份新报告，在全球范围内，捕集和封存加热地球的二氧化碳的能力在过去12个月内增长了44%。这包括从最臭名昭著的污染源的烟囱排放中清除二氧化碳的项目：发电厂、天然气加工厂、炼油厂、氢气生产商、水泥和钢铁厂以及石化和合成肥料制造商。现在，只有30个CCS设施在运行，11个正在建设。但根据全球CCS研究所的数据，还有153个碳捕集与封存项目正在开发中。在全球196个在建项目中，仅在2022年就有61个新项目开始实施。纵观报告中列出的2022年正在运行或正在建设的CCS设施，The Verge发现，大多数项目都跟石油和天然气纠缠在一起。约60%的项目是由化石燃料公司和/或旨在捕获来自化石燃料发电厂、石油化工设施以及跟化石燃料相关的工业化肥和氢气生产等主要气体消费行业的排放。其中30个设施已经使用或计划使用捕获的碳来进行一种叫做强化采油的过程，在这种过程中，化石燃料公司将二氧化碳射入地下以推高难以到达的石油。

二 | 有了这些数字，难怪一些环保组织对碳捕集作为一种气候解决方案持怀疑态度。许多人担心该技术只会加深经济对化石燃料的依赖，而不是帮助迎来一个更清洁能源的时代。像这些团体称碳捕集技术不是化石燃料的万能药有几个原因：首先，它通常不能百分之百地捕获像工业工厂这样的污染源产生的二氧化碳。

三 | 如在路易斯安那州最大的工业温室气体排放源--一家合成氨厂建造碳捕集设施的计划，在完成后应该每年捕集200万公吨的二氧化碳--尽管该厂在一年中产生了1000万公吨的温室气体。而这只是把二氧化碳考虑在内。

四 | 氨厂还位于路易斯安那州的“癌症巷”中，这是一条85英里的“化学走廊”，上面布满了炼油厂和石化厂，这些工厂排放的空气污染物与该州较高的癌症发病率有关。非营利组织Center for International Environmental Law的总裁兼CEO Carroll Muffett上周在路易斯安那州的项目宣布后对The Verge说：“像这样的项目是一个大规模的环保工具。

五 | ”使用像太阳能和风能这样的可再生能源--而不是把煤炭、石油和天然气与碳捕获作为一种绷带--可以防止使地球变热和毒害社区的污染。可以肯定的是，碳捕集作为最后的努力对那些不能轻易使用太阳能和风能来点燃火炉的行业的去碳化带来一些乐观的看法。

六 | 还有其他一些努力用来消除我们在历史上直接泵入大气的一些二氧化碳排放--其中一些已经开始从化石燃料行业中脱离出来。但这些用于碳捕集和清除的用途仍然只占正在进行的碳捕集项目的较小部分。目前看来，碳捕集技术主要是帮助化石燃料在我们的能源经济中保持其立足点--甚至是在努力清理尤其造成的混乱。

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Published on:09:57:05